cammen



INVENTOR. km Can/nm Feb. i3, 1923. 1,445,385.

` L. CAMMEN.

CENTRIFUGAL CASTING NIACHINE.

HLED Mmnao 1922.

- /51 g 'FV/' 359 A@I mx IN VEN TOR.

` fam @MMM/Hiv tively, in Figs. 3 y `the dovetail is ofthe saine depth throughout. `This is important, as otherwise the gibs willy vnot Work. As the gibs of which there may rammed Feb. 13, 1923.

UNITED" STATES LEON eaivrivrnn, or TUOKAHOE, NEW Yorin.

OENTRIFUGAL caserne MACHINE.

` y `Appliaaien fried March 30,192`a` serial iin. 549,195(

Be it lrnown that I, LEON Catimini, a citi Zen Oi the United States, and resident of State of New York, have invented certain useful Improvements in Centrifugal Casting Machines, Ouf/which the following is a specitication. y' y y The present invention refers to a new construction O centrifugal casting winachines, in which ineansare provided for rapidinsertion and reinoyal of inolds, and for supl porting the niold 'in such a manner as to inakeit iin'd its Own center position with reJ spect to the axis of rotationfand to reduce the bursting stresses thereon. The latter of particular importance where a hot mold :is used., as the high ten'iperature Ott the mold reduces -appreciably the tensile strength o'l the inetallthereot. `It isalso oit importance where a split Inoldis used, and where it is desired to use the inold supports as an additional means to leeptheparts of the niold together as against Vtheaction of the burstN ing stresses.

`ln the illustrations,

Fig.; l shows a longitudinal section oit the barrelot the spinning machine;

Fig. `2 shows a section of the barrel nor` inaltothe longitudinal airis;`

Fig. 3 shows the taperedhed, or external dovetail, 'for the sliding` gibs;

Fig. 4 showsa .tapered `gibs;

Figs. 5 and G show seetionolthe barrel similar to those ot' Fig. 2 but in modified construction, being Variants Oi `that in Fig. 2. y y

The essential features oit the present invention reiter particularly to the barrel part oi the centrifugal casting machine. ln this case the barrel consists essentially of the shell, usually steel, 4t provided with taper doyetail slots, such `as are shown in 3.() and 40, Fig. 3,. and tapered gibs or .keys 3, slid- `ing in thetapereddoyetails. The dovetails and gibs have` the saine degree o'll taper, but it is important to note that whereas the dora tail `has its taper at the bottom, they` gib is tapered inits top "surface, as shown, respec and 4l, so thatthe slot in be any vnumber from two up, are all bound to some terminal element. as by straps S to ring?, they can slide in their becs -tor equal distances only, andtherefore,itthe taper of all thegibs is the saine, they are bound to relnain symmetrical. to each other,which means that if initially they have been set so that their faces are tangent to seine circle or cylinder all these faces will reniain tangent to a circle no matter what the"displacement of the gibs may be, though the diameter of the cylinder or circle or tangency will vary withthe position ofthe gibs.

l The operation of the centrifugal casting.;h inachineisas follows. To insert `the inOld, the head 20 is opened by shittingl the locking screw 19 into the position indicated by the broken line at 18, and by swinging the head 20 on the hinge 13." pull then exerted on a ring (not shown) to which all the gibs are attached, and this causes the `gibs to more in unison outwards, i. e., towards tlieihead end. As the gibs nieve outward inthe beds, they spread Out,"and this perinits to `insert the inold l between thein. rlhe inold goes as far `as the abutment T at the end oit the barrelw all the gilisbeing attached to the alnitinent 7 by some means, as by straps t3.

`The pressure ot the inold sends the abut- `nient back towards the tail end olf the mold;

the gibs are carried backwards with it, and as they do, they contructuntil they come to grip the inold. The pressure which the gibs exert on the mold depends entirely upon how hard the inold .is prcssedin. 7

Furthermore, as" the gibs. more always in such a manner that their 'tacos a1etan`ejent to i some cylinder, it is obvious that il? the mold is also cylindrical crit its surface is symmetrical `with respect to its longitudinal axis, the inold, through the very lliact o't its being;` held by the .Qjbs, will lind its own center; As `any mechanic can see,` however, it is possible to produce such a combination ot inold and ribs as to `rive the airis oit the niold any desired position with respect .to the axis ot the barrel. y hen the mold is oiflindriinl in its out side s-url'ace. the gibs con'struftion shown in Fifi. is preferable. At times. however it is .Iesirahle to nire the mold an external sur-- tace shaped otherwise than as a cylinder. This i. the case, e. g1, when the inold is split longgitudinally#v and itsparts are heldto l.f .rether by externallugs 22 and 23, and an ex ternal dovetail @il embracing thedugs, as in Figi'. (3 flin- 5 raser'ge of such lugs on the eo y rio

outside surface ot the mold would make machiningv to a Acylinder'rather expensive, and therefore the mold is provided with a. number, two, four, six or more, of fiat surfaces 28. While not absolutely necessary, it is desirable for the sake of insuring a better dynamic balance, to have these flat surfaces i machined in such a manner that they would be tangent to a circle describediwith a center located on the longitudinal axis of the mold., and that the surfaces be disposed symmetrically with res lect Vto the longitudinal axis,

which meanst at the angles"`formed by the radii yof the circle o tangency passing through'thefniiddle of the projection of the plane 28,in 6 of each adjoining pair Y of surfaces-be the same. Y Of course, it is not absolutely necessary to makev the -faces 28 fiat, but this isthe cheapest :and easiest surface to make, and nothing is gained by adopting 4a curved surface for 28. The face of the gibs haste be made to correspond to l that'of 28, as shown in Fig. 6; otherwise, the

` sis H. i i

struction. 1S shownln Fig.

construction and method of operation of the gibs remains unchanged, The construction shownin ig.f6has 'the advantage thatV it ofersa verypowerful support to the mold, about 40 per cent. of mold surface being dir v rectly supportedbythegibs. On the other hand, however, it affords better opportunity for the esca eofheat from the mold, ywhich vmay, be. .deslrable insonne cases, and objectionable under other conditions, as any man skilled in this artmay see.

A`,fi1rther lmodification of the same con There the barrel itself is also split, and held together as by bolt 32, the two parts ot' the mold beingdovetailed into the gibs pieces (not shown) asat 29. The operation is the same as in'` the other cases. but the mold may be opened by opening the barrel so that it is rnot necessary to pull the mold out every time a casting is made.

f After.. the vmold has been' inserted into the barrel, it is necessary to exert a pressure on it to close it effectively. by forcing the gibs 'around it.l This may be done by applying ,force to themold or gibs; one way of doing' it is shown in Fig. 1 where pressure may bey i scribed above, ,as compared with the usual method of supporting molds in casting machines by bearings located at various intervals,lies in the fact that the mold is supported [all along'` its le li, andthis reduces the ,tendency ,ofthe ino tobend, a matter of real. importance in view of the high speeds o ro in one piece with the keys tation of molds in centrifugal custin f, great strains thereon, and, in the hot molli process, reduced stillness of the metal of the mold.

The beds or dovetails for the sliding of the keys or gibs may be cut directly in the shell 4 of the barrel, as indicated in Fig. 1. This is however an inconvenient process, especially in long molds, as anyone who had experience in machine work can easily real ize. There is a simpler wa however, and that is to cut the dovetail s ots in separate pieces, and then attach them, as b screws, bolts, rivets or otherwise to the she l 4. To do this, one may start with a hat iece of metal of proper length. The slot s iown in the upper part of 39 and 40 may be cut first. as it is of lequal depth throughout. The piece is then reversed, placed, say, on a tapered fixture in a planer, and machined to the proper taper as indicated by a comparison of thickness between 39 and 40. It may be then finished with a proper tool that will give'it the curvature lshown at the bot tom of the piece, this being of the same ra dius as the inside wall ofthe shell 4, to bring tile 1insert piece' into closer contact with the s el The face pieces 2, Fig. 2 `may be made Il, or separately. in which casejthey ma be connected byl screws as at 5. It may of advantu` to use for the face pieces 2 a metal of a h1" her melting point or softening temperature han for the keys 3, or to protect the face piece 2 by a layer of refractory material from the heat of the mold with which it comes into contact.

Wherever reference is made to the taper of the slot in this speciiiration, it should be clearly understood that this refers to the angle between the axis of the mold and the plane ofthe bottom of the slot or the plane of the top of the slot, but not as ghe angle between the plane of the bottom o the slot and the plane of its top; in other words, the depth of the slot is assumed to be uniform throughout, this being the only coudition under which the key can move in the slot.

In reference to the key or gib, it should be understood that the two terms are essentially interchan cable, and that the bottom of' the key is o the same width throughout; by taper of the gib is meant the an c formed by its bottom plane, such as 3B, with .its top piane opposite thereto.

lVhere the slot is ,cut not in `the Shell directly, but ina se arate body attached to the shell, which lat er is e lindrical on the inside the taper of Ythe s otted rt may be de `ned as the an le between Y e plane ofthe top or the ane 0f the bottoni of thesloton one 'han and a genen-ann line f the shell, preferably one intersecte a radius of a section of the shell Where such,

`'adius intersects the slot in two equal parts.

` I claim:

l. A machine for centrifugal casting comprising a shell, tapered slots disposed longitudinally in said shell, and tapered keys sliding in said tapered slots.

2. A machine for centrifuga-l casting com` prising a shell, tapered slots disposed longi tudinally in said shell, tapered keys sliding in said slots, and means for moving said keys in said slots.

3. A machine for centrifugal casting comprising a shell, tapered slots disposed longitudinally in said shell, tapered keys slid ing in said tapered slots, and meansfor moving said keys in said slots so that said keys all travel through the same distances in the same time, and move all in the same direction.

4. A machine for centrifugal casting comprising a shell, tapered slots disposed longitudinally in said shell, tapered keys sliding in said. tapered slots, said keys having their faces tangent to a cylinder, and means for moving said keys in said slots simultaneously, which means, so that their faces all remain tangentto a cylinder, the diameter of said cylinder of tangency varying with the distance through, and direction in, which the keys have moved.

5. A machine for centrifugal casting comprising a shell, metal. bodies attached to said shell on the inside, tapered slots in said bodies disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of said shell, and tan pered keys sliding in said taperedslots.

6. A machine for centrifugal casting com pi`"isii.j1g a shelhmetal bodies attached to said shell on the inside, tapered slots in said bodies disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of said shell, tapered keys sliding in said tapered slots, and means for moving said. keys in said slots.

7. A. machine for centrifugal casting comprising a shell, tapered slots disposed longitudinally in said shell, tapered keys sliding in said. tapered slots to receive the mold, and means for moving said keys and for causingthem to grip the mold by the mold itself.

8. A machine for centrifugal casting comprising a shell., metalbodies attached to said shell. on the inside, tapered slots in. said bodies disposed in a direction. parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shell, tapered keys sliding in said tapered slots to receive the mold, and means for moving said keys and for causing them to grip the mold by the mold itself. y

9. A machine for centrifugal casting comprising a Shell, metal bodies attached to said shell on the inside, tapered slots in said bodies disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of said shell, tapered keys sliding in said tapered slots and means for moving said keys in said slots so that said keys all travel through the same distance in the same time, and move all in the same direction.

10. A machine for centrifugal casting comprising a shell, metal bodies attached to said shell on the inside, tapered slots in said bodies disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of said shell, tapered keys sliding in said tapered slots, said keys having their faces tangent to a cylinder, and means for moving said keys in said slots simultaneously, which means, so that their faces all remain tangent to a cylinder, the diameter of said cylinder of tangency varying with the distance through, and direction in, which the keys have moved.

11. A machine for centrifugal castingcomprising a shell, tapered slots disposed longitudinally in said shell, and tapered keys sliding in said tapered slot to receive the mold, the face of each keybeing finished so as to lit the part of the mold With which` the key comes in contact.

12. A machine for centrifugal. casting comprising a shell, metalbodies attached to said shell on the inside, tapered slots dis posed in said bodies in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of said shell, and tapered keys sliding in said tapered slots to receive the mold, the face of each key being finished so as to iit the part of the mold with which the key comes in contact.

13. A machine for centrifugal casting comprising a shell, tapered slots disposed longitudinally in said shell, tapered keys sliding in said tapered slots, a head to close said shell at one end, and ascrew passing through said head to move the keys. y

Signed in New York, in the county and State of New York, March 28, 1922.

LEON CAMMEN.

fitness LoUrsn RnrNscHisrrD'r. 

